Volume 13, Issue 3 (Aug 2025)
Res Mol Med (RMM) 2025, 13(3): 177-188 |
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Shaeghi Rad M, Hayati Roodbari N, Khaki A A, Eidi A, Amidi F. Investigating the Protective Effects of Eugenol on Hormonal Levels, Spermatogenesis, and Testicular Tissue Damage in Diabetic Rats. Res Mol Med (RMM) 2025; 13 (3) :177-188
URL: http://rmm.mazums.ac.ir/article-1-624-en.html
URL: http://rmm.mazums.ac.ir/article-1-624-en.html
1- Department of Biology, SR.C., Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
2- Department of Biology, SR.C., Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran. ,nasimhayati@yahoo.com
3- Department of Anatomical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
4- Department of Anatomical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
2- Department of Biology, SR.C., Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran. ,
3- Department of Anatomical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
4- Department of Anatomical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Abstract: (392 Views)
Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a metabolic disorder that can impair male reproductive function by inducing oxidative stress, testicular damage, and hormonal imbalance. Eugenol, a bioactive component of clove, has shown antioxidant and protective effects in various tissues. This study aimed to investigate the effects of eugenol on testicular histology, spermatogenesis, sperm parameters, and reproductive hormone levels in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats.
Materials and Methods: Thirty-two adult Wistar rats were randomly divided into 4 groups (each with 8 rats): Control, diabetic control, diabetic+eugenol (4 mg/kg/d via gavage for 8 weeks), and eugenol alone. Diabetes was induced with a single intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (55 mg/kg). Fasting blood glucose and serum insulin levels of the rats were monitored during the study. At the end of the study, testicular tissues were collected for histopathology and Johnsen scoring. Also, epididymal sperm were analyzed for count, morphology, and motility. Serum testosterone, luteinizing hormone (LH), and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) levels were also measured by ELISA.
Results: Diabetic rats exhibited significant hyperglycemia, reduced serum insulin, disrupted testicular architecture, decreased Johnsen scores, reduced seminiferous tubule diameter and epithelial thickness, impaired sperm parameters, and lower reproductive hormone levels (P<0.05). Eugenol treatment significantly ameliorated fasting blood glucose; improved insulin levels; restored testicular histology; increased Johnsen scores; and enhanced sperm count, motility, and morphology. Furthermore, serum testosterone, LH, and FSH levels were significantly elevated in the diabetic+eugenol group compared to diabetic controls (P<0.05), approaching levels observed in healthy controls.
Conclusion: Eugenol effectively mitigates diabetes-induced testicular damage, improves spermatogenesis, and restores reproductive hormone levels in diabetic rats. These findings suggest that eugenol may have therapeutic potential for protecting male reproductive function under diabetic conditions.
Materials and Methods: Thirty-two adult Wistar rats were randomly divided into 4 groups (each with 8 rats): Control, diabetic control, diabetic+eugenol (4 mg/kg/d via gavage for 8 weeks), and eugenol alone. Diabetes was induced with a single intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (55 mg/kg). Fasting blood glucose and serum insulin levels of the rats were monitored during the study. At the end of the study, testicular tissues were collected for histopathology and Johnsen scoring. Also, epididymal sperm were analyzed for count, morphology, and motility. Serum testosterone, luteinizing hormone (LH), and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) levels were also measured by ELISA.
Results: Diabetic rats exhibited significant hyperglycemia, reduced serum insulin, disrupted testicular architecture, decreased Johnsen scores, reduced seminiferous tubule diameter and epithelial thickness, impaired sperm parameters, and lower reproductive hormone levels (P<0.05). Eugenol treatment significantly ameliorated fasting blood glucose; improved insulin levels; restored testicular histology; increased Johnsen scores; and enhanced sperm count, motility, and morphology. Furthermore, serum testosterone, LH, and FSH levels were significantly elevated in the diabetic+eugenol group compared to diabetic controls (P<0.05), approaching levels observed in healthy controls.
Conclusion: Eugenol effectively mitigates diabetes-induced testicular damage, improves spermatogenesis, and restores reproductive hormone levels in diabetic rats. These findings suggest that eugenol may have therapeutic potential for protecting male reproductive function under diabetic conditions.
Keywords: Diabetes mellitus (DM), Eugenol, Testicular histology, Spermatogenesis, Sperm parameters, Reproductive hormones
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