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Sheykhhasan M, Sheikholeslami A, Kowsari A, Kalhor N. Comparative Antimicrobial Effects of Rat Blood-derived Products and Adipose-derived Mesenchymal Stem Cell Conditioned Medium. Res Mol Med (RMM) 2023; 11 (2) :83-92
URL: http://rmm.mazums.ac.ir/article-1-486-fa.html

Background: The antimicrobial characteristics of biological products are fundamental in medicine due to their ability to treat microbial infections. This research aimed to assess and compare the antimicrobial properties of various platelet concentrates, including platelet-rich plasma (PRP), plateletrich fibrin (PRF), plasma-rich in growth factor (PRGF), and conditioned medium (CM) derived from adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADSCs) obtained from rats.
Methods: This experimental study obtained blood-derived products from 50 healthy Wistar rats. After obtaining 5 mL blood sample from each rat via cardiac puncture, it was used to prepare PRGF (group 1), PRP (group 2), and PRF (group 3). For the preparation of PRGF, 0.9% mL of 3.8% sodium citrate was used for every 8.1 mL of the blood. The centrifugal speed was 2500 rpm for 8 min. For the preparation of PRP, the centrifugal speed was 1800 rpm for 10 min and then 3600 rpm for 10 min. PRF was obtained with a centrifugation method of 3000 rpm for 10 min immediately after blood collection, and no anticoagulant was used. Furthermore, 2–4 g abdominal adipose tissue from each rat was used to isolate and culture ADSCs. Then, the CM derived from ADSCs was obtained (group 4). Bacterial strains were grown in blood agar medium and were separately treated with these four groups for 24 h at 37 °C.
Results: In this study, PRP stopped the growth of the Staphylococcus epidermidis bacterium, with a clear zone of inhibition around the PRP. This blood-derived product also stopped the growth of Escherichia coli, while the PRF prevented the growth of three bacteria: Klebsiella pneumoniae, Staphylococcus aureus, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. PRGF and CM showed no antibacterial activity against these bacterial strains.
Conclusion: PRP and PRF can create antimicrobial conditions in vitro due to their secretion of growth factors like platelet factor 4, fibrinopeptide A, and fibrinopeptide B. They can equally be used as treatment options to ameliorate microbial infections,although preclinical and clinical trials are necessary to understand their characteristics and activities better.