Considering the importance of early diagnosis of diseases as a challenge in medicine, which can be significantly effective in increasing the health level of society via preventing the progress and spread of infectious diseases, especially in developing and underprivileged countries with insufficient medical facilities. On the other hand, medical diagnosis methods that require advanced equipment and tools with expert staff limit the use of these tests. Along with the continuous development of technology, microfluidic systems have shown great potential to advance biomedical research that was previously unattainable using conventional techniques. For point-of-care applications, these systems can quickly detect diseases at low cost. This study discusses the challenges in the field of medical diagnosis and the importance of microfluidic systems as the best candidate to answer this need. Also, it describes the components of the microfluidic system, their manufacturing methods, and some of their most important applications in the field of health.