en باکتری شناسی پزشکی Medical bacteriology پژوهشي Research <div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="font-family:&quot;Calibri&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;"><strong>Background: </strong>Diabetic patients are at a heightened risk of urinary tract infections (UTIs) caused by antibiotic-resistant bacteria. This study aimed to determine the antimicrobial resistance patterns of&nbsp;<i>Klebsiella pneumoniae</i>&nbsp;isolated from diabetic patients with UTIs in Khorramabad City, Iran.</span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Calibri&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;"><b><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;">Methods:</span></span></span></b><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;"> In this cross-sectional study (May 2020 to March 2021), 500&nbsp;<i>K. pneumoniae</i>&nbsp;isolates were obtained from 3130 diabetic patients with culture-confirmed UTIs. Identification was performed using standard microbiological methods. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing against nine antibiotics was conducted via the Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method, interpreted according to Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute guidelines.</span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Calibri&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;"><b><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;">Results:</span></span></span></b><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;"> The highest resistance rates were observed for gentamicin (66%) and ampicillin (58%). The lowest resistance was observed for cefazolin (17%), nitrofurantoin (21%), and ceftazidime (22%). Multidrug resistance was identified in 17% of isolates. The patient distribution was 57% female, 39% male, and 4% pediatric.</span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Calibri&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;"><b><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;">Conclusion:</span></span></span></b><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;"> High resistance to empiric antibiotics, such as gentamicin and ampicillin, was found, underscoring the need for revised treatment guidelines and robust antimicrobial stewardship in the management of diabetic UTI in this region.</span></span></span></span></span></span></div> Antibiotic resistance, Diabetic, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Khorramabad, UTI 0 0 http://rmm.mazums.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-1447-1&slc_lang=en&sid=1 Nemat Shams Shams.n@lu.ac.ir 100319475328460013757 100319475328460013757 No 1. Associate Professor of Microbiology, Department of Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Lorestan, Iran Hamed Alami hamedalami1993@gmail.com 100319475328460013758 100319475328460013758 Yes 2. PhD student in Bacteriology, Department of Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Lorestan, Iran Kiana Shahzamani Kiana.Shah@gmail.com 100319475328460013759 100319475328460013759 No 3. Associate Professor of Medical Virology, Department of Virology, Medical School, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Lorestan, Iran Neda Amiri 100319475328460013760 100319475328460013760 No 4. Bachelor of Microbiology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Khorramabad Azad University, Khorramabad, Iran