en ايمونولوژي Immunology پژوهشي Research <div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size:14px;"><span style="line-height:normal"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><b><span style="font-family:" timesnewromanps-boldmt=""><span style="color:#000000;">Background:</span><span style="color:#1d3b6a"> </span></span></b><span style="font-family:" timesnewromanpsmt=""><span style="color:black">Two of the most challenging viruses for vaccine development are SARS-CoV-2, causing the current COVID-19 pandemic, and influenza virus (H1N1), which spreads annually, causing seasonal epidemics or increasing the pandemic risk.</span></span></span></span><br> <span style="line-height:normal"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:#000000;"><b><span style="font-family:" timesnewromanps-boldmt="">Materials and Methods: </span></b></span><span style="font-family:" timesnewromanpsmt=""><span style="color:black">In this study, we analyzed the immunodominant epitope regions in fusion peptides consisting of the Spike_S1_ N-terminal domain from SARS-CoV-2 in frame to hemagglutinin H2 (</span></span><i><span style="font-family:" timesnewromanps-italicmt=""><span style="color:black">HA2</span></span></i><span style="font-family:" timesnewromanpsmt=""><span style="color:black">) gene from influenza A virus (H1N1) and also human </span></span><i><span style="font-family:" timesnewromanps-italicmt=""><span style="color:black">IFNɣ </span></span></i><span style="font-family:" timesnewromanpsmt=""><span style="color:black">gene by two (G4S)3 linkers. A comprehensive analysis based on immunoinformatic has been conducted on prediction servers to predict T- and B-cell epitopes. In silico cloning and expression in pET-28(+) expression vector and vaccine optimization were assessed. The overall model quality was accessed, and the docking or binding affinity of the designed vaccine to the Toll-like receptor 3 was analyzed.</span></span></span></span><br> <span style="line-height:normal"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:#000000;"><b><span style="font-family:" timesnewromanps-boldmt="">Results: </span></b></span><span style="font-family:" timesnewromanpsmt="">The efficiency of the constructed vaccine confirmed by appropriate expression of the designed vaccine candidate tested by in silico cloning in pET&ndash;28(+) vector and codon optimization might increase the production of vaccine candidate into </span><i><span style="font-family:" timesnewromanps-italicmt=""><span style="color:black">Escherichia coli </span></span></i><span style="font-family:" timesnewromanpsmt=""><span style="color:black">strain K-12.</span></span></span></span><br> <span style="line-height:normal"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><b><span style="font-family:" timesnewromanps-boldmt=""><span style="color:#000000;">Conclusion:</span><span style="color:#1d3b6a"> </span></span></b><span style="font-family:" timesnewromanpsmt=""><span style="color:black">In conclusion, we suggest that this fusion peptide would be an attractive design strategy for developing a bivalent vaccine against COVID-19 and influenza as promising vaccine candidates without the need to reformulate or vaccinate each year.</span></span></span></span></span></div> Bivalent vaccine, Fusion peptide, HA 2 protein, Influenza A (H1N1), SARS-COV2, spike glycoprotein S1. 249 264 http://rmm.mazums.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-1330-1&slc_lang=en&sid=1 Marzieh Rezaei m.rezaeibio@gmail.com 100319475328460013124 100319475328460013124 Yes Department of Cell and Molecular Biology & Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Science and Technology, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Islamic Republic of Iran Somaieh Sabzali Sabzali.s@Lu.ac.ir 100319475328460013125 100319475328460013125 No Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Lorestan University, Khorramabad, Islamic Republic of IRAN Mohammad Satari M.satari66@yahoo.com 100319475328460013126 100319475328460013126 No Department of Biophysics, Malayer University, Malayer, Iran Maryam Parhamfar m.parhamfar@yahoo.com 100319475328460013127 100319475328460013127 No Department of microbiology, Arak university of medical science, Arak, Islamic Republic of IRAN