en ميکروبيولوژي Microbiology پژوهشي Research <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="text-justify:kashida"><span style="text-kashida:0%"><span style="line-height:200%"><span style="tab-stops:402.15pt right 423.0pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><b><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:200%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Background:</span></span></span></b><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:200%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""> Increased resistance to &beta;-lactams is one of the most important considerations about <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i>. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of </span></span></span><i><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:200%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">bla_OXA-2</span></span></span></i><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:200%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""> and </span></span></span><i><span style="line-height:200%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">bla_OXA-10</span></span></i><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:200%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""> genes in &beta;-lactam-resistant <i>P. aeruginosa</i>. </span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="text-justify:kashida"><span style="text-kashida:0%"><span style="line-height:200%"><span style="tab-stops:402.15pt right 423.0pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><b><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:200%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Methods:</span></span></span></b><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:200%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""> In this study, 100 clinical isolates were collected, and &beta;-lactam-resistant strains were identified using the disk agar diffusion test. Bacterial DNA was extracted by the </span></span></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:200%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">sodium dodecyl sulfate</span></span></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:200%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""> method, and the polymerase chain reaction was used to identify </span></span></span><i><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:200%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">bla_OXA-2</span></span></span></i><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:200%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""> and </span></span></span><i><span style="line-height:200%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">bla_OXA-10</span></span></i><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:200%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""> &beta;-lactamase genes. </span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="text-justify:kashida"><span style="text-kashida:0%"><span style="line-height:200%"><span style="tab-stops:402.15pt right 423.0pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><b><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:200%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Results:</span></span></span></b><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:200%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""> In total, 43 isolates were resistant to at least one of the &beta;-lactams tested. Piperacillin-tazobactam and aztreonam were the most and least effective antibiotics, respectively. </span></span></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:200%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">The resistance rate to a panel of &beta;-lactams ranged from 12% to 37%</span></span></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:200%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">. The highest rate of antibiotic resistance was related to wound and catheter specimens in burn and intensive care units. A significant relationship was observed between &beta;-lactams resistance and the presence of </span></span></span><i><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:200%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">bla_OXA-2</span></span></span></i><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:200%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""> and </span></span></span><i><span style="line-height:200%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">bla_OXA-10</span></span></i><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:200%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""> genes. Among 43 resistant isolates, 100% and 83.72% carried the </span></span></span><i><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:200%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">bla_OXA-2</span></span></span></i><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:200%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""> and </span></span></span><i><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:200%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">bla_OXA-10</span></span></span></i><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:200%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""> genes, respectively. </span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="text-justify:kashida"><span style="text-kashida:0%"><span style="line-height:200%"><span style="tab-stops:402.15pt right 423.0pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><b><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:200%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Conclusion:</span></span></span></b><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:200%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""> High &beta;-lactam resistance rates and prevalence of </span></span></span><i><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:200%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">bla_OXA-2</span></span></span></i><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:200%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""> and </span></span></span><i><span style="line-height:200%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">bla_OXA-10</span></span></i><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:200%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""> in this study indicate these enzymes&#39; significant role in resistance to &beta;-lactams, possibly due to overuse of these antibiotics and their easier access. </span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span> Pseudomonas aeruginosa, blaOXA-2, blaOXA-10, beta-lactam resistance 105 114 http://rmm.mazums.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-871-1&slc_lang=en&sid=1 Fatemeh Bazari Jamkhaneh fatemehbazarijamkhaneh1376@gmail.com 100319475328460011345 100319475328460011345 Yes Sana Institute of Higher Education, Sari, Iran Mina Owrang mi_owrang@yahoo.com 100319475328460011346 100319475328460011346 No Faculty of Medicine, Sari branch, Islamic Azad University, Sari, Iran Hamid Reza Goli goli59@gmail.com 100319475328460011347 100319475328460011347 No Molecular and Cell Biology Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran